Monday, May 19, 2014

Fleets of sailing robots to help research & protect the oceans


From TechPresident by Jessica McKensie

Imagine fleets of small boats cruising around the ocean, monitoring levels of plastic, oil and radioactivity, and eventually helping to clean up the ocean, and all completely unmanned.
That may not be as far from reality as one might think.

Scoutbots, a company that develops and builds open hardware technologies for environmental stewardship, recently began selling the first commercial prototype of its radio-controlled sailing robot, the Protei 011 “Optimist.”
It is kind of like a seafaring drone.

Oil spilled moves downwind : we are sailing upwind to capture it.
Protei is an ocean cleaning and research open hardware drone.

For USD$700.00 you can build it yourself from a kit, or you can purchase a limited edition, fully assembled boat robot for $1,280.00.
The one meter boat is built on a modular platform and can carry multiple modules behind it—so, theoretically, multiple censors or tools at once.
Cesar Harada, the coordinator of Scoutbots, was inspired by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010 to move to New Orleans and begin working on better technologies to clean up oil spills (the current ones are inefficient and probably harmful in their own way).

Here is Harada's 2012 TED talk on Protei:

When TED Senior Fellow Cesar Harada heard about the devastating effects of the BP Oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job and moved to New Orleans to develop a more efficient way to soak up the oil.
He designed a highly maneuverable, flexible boat capable of cleaning large tracts quickly.
But rather than turn a profit, he has opted to open-source the design.

Gabriella Levine, who has been a part of the Scoutbots community since she traveled to Rotterdam in the summer of 2011 to work on earlier iterations of Protei, tells techPresident that cleaning up oil spills is still a little ways off.
Currently they are focused on monitoring the ocean, measuring levels of things like oil, plastics and radioactivity.
There is an advantage to “being able to collect massive data sets by the power of swarms of robots rather than just from one big boat,” Levine explains.

Scoutbots has already begun collaborating with two nonprofits: the Algalita Marine Research Institute, which focuses on the the impact of plastic pollution, and Safecast, which crowdsources radiation readings and mappings.

Scaling up will be a challenge, says Levine, because the Scoutbots community is basically trying to do it alone.
The question is, “how to raise enough funds to have the impact we envision.”

A long term goal is to get corporations interested in Scoutbots.
Levine says they envision a model in which they don't necessarily sell the boats.
Companies could adopt them and have a say on what they do without having to own or operate the boats.

Levine says she is most excited to see the boats “proliferate around the world,” and also looks forward to seeing what comes of the crowdsourced development.
(Levine herself built a snake robot that began as an earlier iteration of Protei and is now its own thing entirely. This is the kind of project that can be uploaded and shared on the Scoutbots Wiki with others in the community.)


In many ways Scoutbots reminds me of the open source drones designed for disaster relief, which I wrote about last June.
Much of that work was shared on the website DIY Drones, which Levine says they seek to emulate.
“We want to be the DIY Drones of the ocean,” she says.
“Water drones could become the 10 year follow up to flying drones.”

Links :
  • Kickstarter : Protei, Open Hardware Oil Spill Cleaning Sailing Robot

Saturday, May 17, 2014

Home ground


Home Ground
from James Aiken


'Home Ground' is a short anthropological film exploring how two very different, but geographically close, cultures relate to one another within a striking and vast natural landscape.
Featuring Siggi the Icelandic sailor and Dines the Greenlandic hunter.

Friday, May 16, 2014

Hurricanes on the move! Tropical storms shift toward poles

Tropical storm tracks between 1985 and 2005. (NASA)
More hurricanes moving to populated places, say scientists

From LiveScience by Becky Oskin

Hurricanes and typhoons are migrating from the tropics toward the North and South poles, a new study finds.

In the past 30 years, the total number of storms has remained about the same in the tropics, said lead study author Jim Kossin, a climate scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center.

What are hurricanes, typhoons and tropical cyclones? How do they form?
(MetOffice)

What has changed, however, is the number of successful storm births.
The new study found that tropical storms don't peak in the tropics as often as they did 30 years ago. Instead, more and more storms are reaching their maximum strength at higher latitudes, according to the report, published May 14th, in the journal Nature.

"The tropics are becoming less hospitable for tropical cyclones, and the higher latitudes are becoming less hostile," Kossin told Live Science's Our Amazing Planet.
Tropical cyclones (the broad name for hurricanes, typhoons and tropical storms) spin up over and over in the same regions — a group of storm nurseries ringing the tropics — because of favorable wind patterns and ocean temperatures.

 Typhoon Francisco and Super Typhoon Lekima on October 23, 2013
as they tracked northwestward toward China and Japan.
(Credit: Tim Olander and Rick Kohrs, SSEC/CIMSS/UW-Madison,
based on Japan Meteorological Agency data.)

Storm nurseries stir

Kossin and his co-authors think a simultaneous expansion in the planet's tropical belts underlies the overall change in storm intensity.
The tropics have widened by about a degree in latitude each decade since 1979, according to separate studies by other research groups.
The expansion also could have pushed the ideal storm-forming regions toward the North and South poles.

 Diagram of tropical air circulation, including the Hadley Cell.

"There is certainly compelling evidence the two are linked, but we're not sure exactly how — that's what we want to find out," Kossin said.
"This is a link that needs to be examined."
The expansion of the tropics has been linked to global warming and ozone loss.
But scientists still hotly debate the impact of global warming on hurricanes.
Storms could become more or less frequent, more intense or a combination of these changes, researchers say.
"This study establishes another link between global climate change and global tropical cyclone activity," said Hamish Ramsay, a climate scientist at Monash University in Australia who was not involved in the research.
"It also raises a number of new questions, though."
The poleward trek doesn't necessarily mean that ferocious storms will be hitting the Atlantic coastline more often.
As climate changes, fluctuating wind patterns could cause tropical storms to move toward or away from coastlines, for instance.
And the study didn't examine landfall, where storms do the most damage.
Another confounding factor: The Atlantic Ocean storm nursery did not move north in the past 30 years, the researchers reported.
Kossin said he suspects that regional effects in the Atlantic, such as aerosol pollution (tiny airborne particles), could be offsetting the overall tropical widening.

 Color-enhanced infrared satellite image of Typhoon Usagi as it moved northwestward toward Hong Kong while explosively intensifying to a Category-5 storm.
Image: NOAA/Cooperative Institute for meteorological satellite studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Heading north

By tracking where tropical cyclones hit at their strongest point, called peak intensity, the scientists discovered that storms are heading north and south.
This method avoids problems with comparing storms between different oceans, Kossin said. Determining peak intensity is relatively consistent among different storm-tracking centers, he said. Other criteria, such as when a tropical storm tips into hurricane strength, can vary from center to center, making comparisons difficult.

The push poleward averaged about 33 miles (53 kilometers) per decade in the Northern Hemisphere and 38 miles (61 km) per decade in the Southern Hemisphere — a total shift of about 1 degree latitude per decade.
But some oceans saw a greater change than others.
The biggest moves occurred in the Pacific Ocean and South Indian Ocean, but the peak intensity of Atlantic hurricanes and storms in the North Indian Ocean showed almost no change.

Kossin said the researchers don't yet know why some oceans nurtured higher-latitude storms and others saw little change.

Links :
  • BBC : Tropical storms migrate toward poles

Thursday, May 15, 2014

NZ Linz update in the Marine GeoGarage

As our public viewer is not yet available
(currently under construction, upgrading to Google Maps API v3 as v2 is officially no more supported),
this info is primarily intended to
our iPhone/iPad universal mobile application users
(Marine NZ on the App Store) 
and our B2B customers which use our nautical charts layers
in their own webmapping applications through our GeoGarage API.  


3 charts have been updated in the Marine GeoGarage
(Linz April update published May 2, 2014

  • NZ56 Table Cape to Blackhead Point
  • NZ561 Approaches to Napier
  • NZ4315 Approaches to Onehunga
Today NZ Linz charts (180 charts / 313 including sub-charts) are displayed in the Marine GeoGarage.

Note :  LINZ produces official nautical charts to aid safe navigation in New Zealand waters and certain areas of Antarctica and the South-West Pacific.


Using charts safely involves keeping them up-to-date using Notices to Mariners
Reporting a Hazard to Navigation - H Note :
Mariners are requested to advise the New Zealand Hydrographic Authority at LINZ of the discovery of new or suspected dangers to navigation, or shortcomings in charts or publications.